Effects of whole lung lavage on pulmonary function and exercise capacity in patients with pneumoconiosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of whole lung lavage (WLL) on the pulmonary function and exercise capacity in patients with pneumoconiosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-one patients with pneumoconiosis who quit dust-exposed work not more than 6 months before underwent WLL. Clinical symptom assessment, pulmonary function test, and cardiopulmonary exercise test were performed before and one week after WLL, and the results were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients with pneumoconiosis showed no significant changes in clinical symptoms after WLL. At one week after WLL, the patients with pneumoconiosis showed nonsignificant increases in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0), and percent predicted FEV1 (P > 0.05); peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂) increased from 2140.6 ± 353.2 ml/min before WLL to 2374.6 ± 362.4 ml/min after WLL, percent predicted peak VO₂ increased from 82.2 ± 13.7% before WLL to 91.0 ± 14.0% after WLL, peak VO₂/kg increased from 30.6 ± 3.5 ml/min×kg before WLL to 34.2 ± 3.7 ml/min×kg after WLL, and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide decreased from 30.6 ± 3.1 before WLL to 26.1 ± 2.7 after WLL (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>WLL can remarkably improve the oxygen uptake and ventilatory efficiency in patients with pneumoconiosis during exercise, so it can improve the exercise capacity of these patients.</p>

Mid-term effects of lung volume reduction surgery on pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Now lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) has become one of the most effective methods for the management of some cases of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the mid-term effects of LVRS on pulmonary function in patients with severe COPD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten male patients with severe COPD aged 38 - 70 years underwent LVRS and their pulmonary function was assessed before, 3 months and 3 years after surgery. The spirometric and gas exchange parameters included residual volume, total lung capacity, inspiratory capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, diffusion capacity for CO, and arterial blood gas. A 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) test was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As to preoperative assessment, most spirometric parameters and 6MWD were significantly improved after 3 months and slightly 3 years after LVRS. Gas exchange parameters were significantly improved 3 months after surgery, but returned to the preoperative levels after 3 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LVRS may significantly improve pulmonary function in patients with severe COPD indicating for LVRS. Mid-term pulmonary function 3 years after surgery can be decreased to the level at 3 months after surgery. Three years after LVRS, lung volume and pulmonary ventilation function can be significantly improved, but the improvement in gas exchange function was not significant.</p>

Pulmonary membrane diffusing capacity and pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients with stable COPD / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To study the clinical significance of pulmonary membrane diffusing capacity(Dm) and pulmonary capillary blood volume(Vc) in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods Spirometry was performed in 38 patients with stable COPD and 35 healthy individuals in resting condition.The changes of pulmonary parameters were obtained and compared between groups. Results Spirometry test revealed that the percent predicted forced expired volume in one second(FEV1),FEV1/forced volume capacity(FVC)and the percent predicted maximal ventilatory volume(MVV) were declined from stage Ⅰin patients with COPD in comparison with healthy individuals,while diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of lung(DLCO),carbon monoxide diffusing capacity per liter of alveolar(DLCO/VA),Dm and Vc were declined from stage Ⅱ.Dm in patients with COPD of stageⅠwas sig-nificantly decreased compared with the controls,while Vc was increased compared with the controls(both P

Humoral immune responses induced by anti-idiotypic antibody fusion protein of 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF in BALB/c mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>We have previously developed and characterized a monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody, designated 6B11, which mimics an ovarian carcinoma associated antigen OC166 - 9 and whose corresponding monoclonal antibody is COC166 - 9 (Ab1). In this study, we evaluate the humoral immune responses induced by the fusion protein 6B11 single-chain variable fragment (scFv)/human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) and 6B11scFv in BALB/c mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fusion protein 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF was constructed by fusing a recombinant single-chain variable fragment of 6B11scFv to GM-CSF. BALB/c mice were administrated by 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF and 6B11scFv, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fusion protein 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF retained binding to the anti-mouse F (ab) 2' and was also biologically active as measured by proliferation of human GM-CSF dependent cell TF1 in vitro. After immunization with the 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF and 6B11ScFv, BALB/c mice showed significantly enhanced Ab3 antibody responses to 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF compared with the 6B11scFv alone. The level of Ab3 was the highest after the first week and maintained for five weeks after the last immunization. Another booster was given when the Ab3 titer descended, and it would reach to the high level in a week.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The fusion protein 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF can induce humoral immunity against ovarian carcinoma in vivo. We also provide the theoretical foundation for the application of the fusion protein 6B11scFv/hGM-CSF for active immunotherapy of ovarian cancer.</p>

Immuno-therapeutic study of anti-idiotype minibody (single chain Fv-CH3) on ovarian carcinoma bearing mice / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>An anti-idiotypic minibody with optimal antigenicity which mimicking ovarian cancer antigen was used for therapeutic research in mice model bearing ovarian cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using gene engineering technique, prokaryotic expression vector was constructed by genetic fusion of 6B11scFv to human IgG1 hinge and CH3 region. The fusion protein named minibody was induced with IPTG in E. coli and analyzed with Western blot and inhibition ELISA tests respectively. Twenty human-PBL-SCID mice bearing i.p. Skov3.ip1 cells were divided into two groups (10 per-group), 10 mice were immunized repeatedly by minibody every two weeks for three times. Indirect ELISA test was employed for analyzing the characterization of anti-anti-idiotypic scFv (Ab3). The latent period of ascites growth and the mean survival time were observed respectively. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from the spleen of immunized mice were assayed by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis showed that a protein band with molecular weight of 50,000 appeared as the expected size after transformation and induction the host bacteria BL21 (DE3). The expressed minibody could be reacted with COC166-9 (Ab1 of 6B11) and binding goat anti-human IgG1 antibody in Western blot. Inhibition ELISA showed minibody had the capacity of binding ovarian cancer monoclonal antibody COC166-9 instead of primal antigen. Ab3 could be detected in the sera of immunized mice with minibody by ELISA test. Ab3 reached the highest at the 14th day after last vaccination and lasted for 6 weeks. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was the highest at the 13th day after last vaccination. The latent period of ascites growth were (37.7 +/- 5.5) days and (48.6 +/- 14.3) days (P = 0.04) respectively; while the mean survival time were (42.5 +/- 1.8) days and (59.4 +/- 16.8) days (P = 0.011) in the control and minibody group respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results demonstrate the successful construction and expression minibody with good immune activities of 6B11scFv and human IgG1 molecules function. Antigenicity is increased without adjuvants and partial humanization is realized. Minibody can induce humoral anti-idiotypic immunity responses against ovarian carcinoma in vivo. When ascites formation was delayed or prevented and the survival was prolonged in minibody group. We expect that minibody may be used as tumor vaccine to ovarian carcinoma in the future clinical trails.</p>